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SWEET ORANGE

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Research & References

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Diánez, F., Santos, M., Parra, C., Navarro, M., Blanco, R. and Gea, F. (2018), Screening of antifungal activity of 12 essential oils against eight pathogenic fungi of vegetables and mushroom. Lett Appl Microbiol, 67: 400-410. doi:10.1111/lam.13053

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Dosoky, N. S., & Setzer, W. N. (2018). Biological Activities and Safety of Citrusspp. Essential Oils. International journal of molecular sciences, 19(7), 1966. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19071966

 

González-Mas, M. C., Rambla, J. L., López-Gresa, M. P., Blázquez, M. A., & Granell, A. (2019). Volatile Compounds in Citrus Essential Oils: A Comprehensive Review. Frontiers in plant science, 10, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00012

 

Hekmatpou, D., Pourandish, Y., Farahani, P. V., & Parvizrad, R. (2017). The Effect of Aromatherapy with the Essential Oil of Orange on Pain and Vital Signs of Patients with Fractured Limbs Admitted to the Emergency Ward: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Indian journal of palliative care, 23(4), 431–436. https://doi.org/10.4103/IJPC.IJPC_37_17

 

Jafarzadeh, M., Arman, S., & Pour, F. F. (2013). Effect of aromatherapy with orange essential oil on salivary cortisol and pulse rate in children during dental treatment: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Advanced biomedical research, 2, 10. https://doi.org/10.4103/2277-9175.107968

 

Lu-Lu Zhang, Zi-Yu Yang, Gang Fan, et al.  (2019).  Antidepressant-like Effect of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck Essential Oil and Its Main Component Limonene on MiceJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. American Chemical SocietyDec 1, 2019.

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Muthaiyan, A., Biswas, D., Crandall, P. G., Wilkinson, B. J., & Ricke, S. C. (2012). Application of orange essential oil as an antistaphylococcal agent in a dressing model. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 12, 125. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-12-125

 

Pendleton et al. (2012).  Inhibition of Beef Isolates of E. coli O157:H7 by Orange Oil at Various Temperatures.  First published: 14 May 2012 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02689.x

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Rashidi-Fakari, F., Tabatabaeichehr, M., & Mortazavi, H. (2015). The effect of aromatherapy by essential oil of orange on anxiety during labor: A randomized clinical trial. Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research, 20(6), 661–664. https://doi.org/10.4103/1735-9066.170001

 

Yang, C., Chen, H., Chen, H., Zhong, B., Luo, X., & Chun, J. (2017). Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Essential Oil from Gannan Navel Orange Peel. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 22(8), 1391. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22081391

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Yip, Yin Bing  and Tam, Ada Chung Ying .  (2008).  An experimental study on the effectiveness of massage with aromatic ginger and orange essential oil for moderate-to-severe knee pain among the elderly in Hong Kong. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, Volume 16, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 131-138, ISSN 0965-2299, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2007.12.003.

 

YONGQING SHI, SA HUANG, YIYAN HE, JINJING WU, YUPEI YANG. (2018).  Navel Orange Peel Essential Oil To Control Food Spoilage Molds in Potato Slices. J Food Prot 1 September 2018; 81 (9): 1496–1502. doi: https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-18-006

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Medicinal Uses

anxiety

cramps

menstruation

insomnia

common cold

low libido

skin infections

acne

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  • According to Dr Couic Marinier, “the intoxicating and agreeable ambiance of Sweet Orange Essential Oil quickly refreshes, re-energizes and uplifts the mind”.

  • Research suggests that this natural oil helps to calm the heart rate and reduce levels of cortisol secretion to help keep stress and anxiety to a minimum.

  • The anti-inflammatory, relaxant and circulation booster actions allow sweet orange oil to promote better digestion, ease cramps and other stomach pains.

  • Sweet orange oil can have a deeply calming effect on the mind and body and is effective in treating sleep issues that are related to stress or depression.

  • Sweet orange essential oil possesses powerful anti-inflammatory properties. In fact, it has been shown to be one of the most effective Essential Oils with regards to its ability to fight pain, infection and chronic inflammation.

  • With its remarkable ability to inhibit melanin production, sweet orange oil slows the rate of skin damage experienced from UV light exposure, pollution and toxicity.

  • Packed full of antioxidants and vitamin C in particular, Sweet range essential oil can be used topically to protect the skin from harmful external factors, providing your epidermis with the optimal environment in which to thrive.

  • Along with Lemon Oil and Sandalwood Oil, Sweet Orange Oil is a great natural remedy to fight signs of aging. With its potent antioxidant power, it defends the skin from free radicals whilst also prompting collagen production. The result? Smooth, plumped skin.

  • A 2012 study looked at the effect of orange essential oil on E. coli isolates obtained from beef. These isolates can potentially cause food poisoning. Results indicated that after 24 hours, a 1 percent or lower concentration of orange essential oil inhibited the bacteria at refrigeration temperatures (Pendleton et al, 2012).

  • Another study looked at the effect of orange essential oil on strains of Staphylococcus aureus(staph bacteria) that are resistant to antibiotics. They found that when added to infected human cells in culture, low concentrations of orange essential oil killed the bacteria without harming the cultured cells (Muthaiyan, 2012).

  • Orange essential oil may also prevent the growth of fungi that can cause food to spoil. One studyTrusted Source found that orange oil provided some protection against four species of fungi (Yongqing et al., 2018).

  • Another study recorded activity against eight fungi that affect vegetables, although essential oils like clove and garlic were more effective (Diánez et al., 2018).

  • In a 2013 study, it was found that aromatherapy with orange essential oil reduced the pulse rate and stress hormone levels in children undergoing a dental procedure (Jafarzadeh et al., 2013)

  • Additionally, in a 2015 study, women in labor reported less anxiety after inhaling orange essential oil than women in the control group who inhaled distilled water (Rashidi-Fakari et al., 2015).

  • A 2019 studyTrusted Source on mice looked at the inhalation of orange essential oils and its potential effect on depression. The researchers found that the mice who inhaled the orange essential oil displayed fewer depression-like behaviors (Lu-Lu Zhang et al., 2019).

  • A 2017 study involving people with bone fractures looked at whether inhaling orange essential oil could help with pain. Compared to a control group, people inhaling orange oil reported less pain (Hekmatpou et al., 2017).

  • In 2008, researchers assessed if a blend of ginger and orange essential oil could help with knee pain when applied to the skin. Compared to a control group, people using the essential oil blend reported greater short-term pain relief, but the oil didn’t seem to help with long-term pain (Yip et al., 2008).

  • Limonene, a component of orange essential oil, has been investigated as a potential cancer treatment. A study from 2012 found that orange oil rich in limonene both inhibited the growth and promoted the death of colon cancer cells in culture.

  • A 2017 study found that orange essential oil inhibited the growth of lung and prostate cancer cell lines in culture. Additionally, increased cell death was seen in the lung cancer cell line. Orange essential oil was also observed to have antioxidant activity (Yang et al., 2017).

  • Apoptosis in human leukemia (HL-60) cells was induced by sweet orange oil and by citral(geranial + neral), octanal and decanal, all minor constituents of the oil (Hata et al 2003). Also see bitter orange (above). (+)-Limonene displays anticarcinogenic activity (see (+)-Limonene profile).

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Constituents​

  • a-pinene 

  • sabinene

  • myrcene

  • limonene

  • linalool

  • citronellal

  • neral

  • geranial

  • Sweet orange oil may be adulterated with natural or synthetic limonene, or with mixtures of terpene hydrocarbons, though adulteration of this inexpensive oil is not common (Kubeczka 2002).​

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Contradictions​

  • Any essential oil has the potential to cause a skin reaction when applied topically. Perform a spot test with diluted orange essential oil on the inside of your elbow before using it on larger areas.
  • Avoid using old or oxidized orange essential oil, which can cause dermal sensitization. 

  • Some citrus essential oils are phototoxic. This means they can cause a painful skin reaction if you use them on your skin and then go out in the sun.

  • Orange essential oil has a low risk of phototoxicityTrusted Source, but you should still exercise caution if you plan on going outside after using it on your skin.

  • As with other essential oils, follow these safety precautions when using orange oil: 

    • Don’t apply undiluted essential oil to your skin.

    • Keep the oil away from your eyes.

    • Store the oil out of reach of children and pets.

    • If you use the oil for aromatherapy, make sure that the space is ventilated well.

    • If you’re pregnant, breastfeeding, or taking prescription medications, speak to your doctor before using orange essential oil.

    • Old or oxidized oils should be avoided.

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Proper Use

 

EXTRACTION METHOD

Cold expression

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  • Direct palm inhalation; use several drops in direct palm inhalation to shift mental negativity and promote feelings of joy and enliven stale air.

  • Sweet orange essential oil can be applied topically, as a compress, in the bath, through direct inhalation, or diffuser. Because of its potential phototoxic effects, it should always be diluted and dermal applications avoided before exposure to sunlight.

  • Add several drops to bath water to help eliminate toxins, boost the lymphatic and immune systems and calm the nerves.

  • Add several drops orange oil to a clean damp washcloth and toss in the dryer to freshen linens.

  • Add 10 drops orange oil and three drops peppermint oil to a spray bottle for a revivifying air freshener.

  • Diffuse orange oil in the office or at home to create a pleasant atmosphere.

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Sweet orange is also a powerful â€‹natural household cleaner.

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Formulary

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MASSAGE OIL

4 drops sweet orange oil, 8 drops plai oil, 2 drops black pepper oil, 2 drops neroli oil in 15 mL jojoba oil

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INSECT SPRAY

4 drops sweet orange oil, 2 drops grapefruit oil, 2 drops lavender oil, 2 drops Roman chamomile oil in 4 oz bottle; spray affected leaves

 

CLEANING:

A few drops on a sponge after cooking fish to wipe down counter tops leaves a fresh clean smell, plus, it's natural antibacterial action is a fantastic way to eliminate germs. 

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History

  • Folk remedies of the Mediterranean region used the healing properties of Sweet orange essential oil to treat a variety of conditions, from the common cold to low libido, to skin infections and spasms.

  • It is believed that the Europeans first discovered the medicinal benefits of the Sweet Orange thanks to its refreshing taste, being grown in bulk by the wealthy in private orangeries.

  • Centuries ago, oranges were considered the fruit of the gods, and are pictured in the story of Hercules and Titan Atlas as the ‘golden apples’.

  • According to Dr Couic Marinier, “Sweet orange essential oil was used in hospitals, being diffused every 100 meters in the corridors to promote a healing, anti-bacterial and mood boosting environment”.

  • There are two kinds of orange oil. The bitter one, with a light yellowish hue, is called Oil of Bigarade. The sweet one is called Oil of Portugal.

  • Orange peel has two layers — the inner white one called the pith (aka “albedo”), and the actual orange zest layer, called the “flavedo.” It’s in the zest that the oil is contained.​

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Energetics/ Organoleptics

  • SMELL: sweet, fresh, spicy, smells more like the leaves of the tree

  • TASTE: orange citrusy, slightly bitter

  • COLOR: yellow to orange in color

  • ENERGETICS: warming, freeing, joining

  • PLANETS: Sun

  • ELEMENT:  Fire

  • QUALITY:  Masculine

  • ZODIAC:  Leo, Sagittarius

  • CHAKRAS:  Sacral

  • Basic Powers – Focus-enhancing, revitalizing, encourages feelings of acceptance and trust

  • Emotionally and energetically, sweet orange essential oil brings bright energy and positivity to those struggling with situational depression or a negative outlook. It can provide courage to those who are overwhelmed or reluctant to ask for help.

  • Orange helps combat pessimism and unblocks dormant energy. It helps to calm and soothe an overthinking mind.

  • In China, the Sweet Orange is believed to symbolize good fortune, which makes them not only a well-used ingredient in medicine, but also in traditional offerings and gifts.

Common Names

Orange tree

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Botanical Name

Citrus sinensis

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Family

Rutaceae tree family

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Parts Used

Zest/ peel

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Therapeutic Actions

analgesic​

anti-bacterial

anti-carcinogenic

anti-depressant

anti-epileptic

anti-inflammatory

anti-microbial

anti-septic

anti-spasmodic

astringent 

anxiolytic

circulation booster

diuretic

relaxant

tonic​

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